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EU to ban coloured pens and crayons!
European tanks in Paris.
Fake news.
Some people use
disinformation (fake news)
as a weapon to obscure
our access to truthful information.
Disinformation is the deliberate use
of misleading information
for political or financial gain.
Disinformation distorts,
distracts and dismisses the truth.
Technology has accelerated
the spread of disinformation.
I think it is a major threat
because democracy
is based on the idea that
people make informed choices
between political options.
How can we recognise disinformation?
The first step should be
that they are aware that this threat exists
and there are actually
people out there trying to fool us,
trying to lie to us,
trying to affect our opinions on different matters.
Being aware of these techniques
is a very good start.
The first thing you have to worry about is
whether a person who is sending you information
is actually who they pretend to be.
It turns out that very often,
on Twitter at least,
a lot of accounts are fake.
They do not even exist.
They are not real people. They are just
out there for propaganda purposes.
Fortunately they are
actually fairly easy to identify
because if somebody is tweeting
20,000 tweets a day,
then chances are
they are not a human being.
Chances are that
they are a remote-controlled device
that is trying to disseminate propaganda.
What do the people who spread
disinformation want to achieve by it?
One motive could be to sow division,
to make it look like opposing views
on an issue are very far apart.
Of course, if these views are
perceived as being very far apart,
it is much harder for us to reach agreements,
to move forward and solve these issues.
It is aiming to drive us apart,
to make society more polarised
and less reasoned in its decision-making.
What methods are used to disinform?
Many of these things
are designed to evoke emotions.
So one basic rule could be
if you see something online
and that makes you furious for example,
then all the more reason to check
the source and check if this is actually true or not.
So check yourself and see
what your emotional response is
and chances are
that over the top of emotive information
was probably not sent to you
for good faith purposes.
How do we tackle disinformation?
Inoculation is just like
an inoculation against the flu
or measles or whatever else.
You are exposed ahead of time
to a small dose of the disinformation
by someone pointing out to you
how you are being disinformed.
And then once you understand
the strategies that people use to disinform you,
then you can spot it and then you can resist.
You have to be aware that
there are people trying to deceive us on purpose.
They have lots of resources
and they are very creative.
So if we are fooled once or twice,
there is nothing strange about that.
But what we can do is to warn others
when we find out that something is fake
or that something is disinformation.
Do not spread it,
do not click on it, do not engage with it.
What role do the Internet
platforms have to play?
Democracy is based on the idea
of a marketplace of ideas,
that we are out there
talking to each other in public
and the debate sorts out
the good ideas from the bad ideas.
But if the ideas are sent
to people in darkness,
without scrutiny, without rebuttal,
then you no longer have a marketplace of ideas.
Then you have
manipulation on a large scale.
I do not know
but I can tell that it is emotive.
So if it is emotive,
why do not we just make it
a little harder to share it?
How about it takes two seconds
for the share button to become available
and you have to look at a swirly thing
on the screen for two seconds?
You can cancel anytime and
if you do want to share it,
you just have to wait.
What is the single piece of advice
you would pass on?
Do not share.
Do not click “share”.
Do not share stuff
unless you know it is true.
In December 2018, the EU introduced
its Action Plan against Disinformation
- a comprehensive package
to tackle deliberately
deceptive posts and articles online
- over the short and long term.