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Transcript for Introduction to Electricity
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| Time | Content |
|---|---|
| 00:36 → 00:41 |
Electricity is the movement of charged atomic particles called electrons |
| 00:47 → 00:52 |
Moving electrons create the drama and power of a lightning strike. |
| 00:52 → 00:56 |
They also light up your room when you flip the switch. |
| 01:03 → 01:09 |
A battery is a chemical device designed to create the force needed to move electrons. |
| 01:09 → 01:13 |
Conductors, usually metals like copper, |
| 01:13 → 01:16 |
provide a path for the electrons to flow on. |
| 01:16 → 01:18 |
Electrons have a negative charge. |
| 01:18 → 01:21 |
They travel out of the minus end of the battery |
| 01:21 → 01:23 |
and are attracted to the plus end. |
| 01:23 → 01:27 |
Touch a metal conductor to each end of a battery |
| 01:27 → 01:31 |
and electrons begin to flow from minus to plus. |
| 01:35 → 01:38 |
Flowing electrons are called "Current". |
| 01:38 → 01:41 |
Current is measured in Amperes. |
| 01:41 → 01:47 |
The force moving the electrons is Voltage and is measured in Volts. |
| 02:01 → 02:07 |
Never connect a short wire from the minus to plus on any battery. |
| 02:07 → 02:09 |
This is called a "Short Circuit". |
| 02:12 → 02:16 |
The conductor gets hot, you might burn yourself |
| 02:16 → 02:18 |
and the battery quickly loses energy. |
| 02:24 → 02:28 |
The path that an electric current follows is called a Circuit. |
| 02:29 → 02:32 |
This circuit has a light bulb in it. |
| 02:32 → 02:34 |
To move electricity through the bulb |
| 02:34 → 02:36 |
we complete the circuit by touching the metal wire |
| 02:36 → 02:38 |
to each end of the battery. |
| 02:38 → 02:41 |
The wire does not get hot |
| 02:41 → 02:45 |
because the light bulb reduces the current flowing in this circuit. |
| 02:47 → 02:51 |
Electric energy changes to light energy. |
| 02:53 → 02:55 |
Slowly things down... |
| 02:55 → 02:59 |
we can see that once the circuit is complete, an electric current appears |
| 02:59 → 03:03 |
flowing from the minus end of the battery towards the plus end. |
| 03:25 → 03:29 |
Look closely at the side of a typical AA battery |
| 03:29 → 03:33 |
and you will find a capital 'V' or the word volts |
| 03:33 → 03:38 |
preceded by a number, usually 1.5 |
| 03:38 → 03:43 |
Voltage, or volts, is a measure of the force moving the electrons. |
| 03:43 → 03:49 |
It is safe to touch an AA battery because 1.5 volts is a low voltage, |
| 03:49 → 03:50 |
not enough to give you a shock. |
| 03:55 → 03:58 |
High voltage is dangerous. |
| 03:58 → 04:02 |
Never experiment with anything that plugs into a wall outlet. |
| 04:13 → 04:18 |
Another important quantity related to electricity is 'current' |
| 04:18 → 04:23 |
Measured in Amperes, current tells us the rate that electrons are flowing at. |
| 04:23 → 04:28 |
Amperes is often abbreviated to 'Amps'. |
| 04:32 → 04:34 |
Electrons are very tiny. |
| 04:34 → 04:40 |
One Amp means that this many electrons flow through the circuit per second. |
| 04:40 → 04:47 |
That's 624 with 16 zeroes; a huge number. |
| 04:47 → 04:52 |
One Ampere is the current flowing through a typical flashlight. |
| 04:55 → 04:59 |
The other videos in this presentation explain batteries |
| 04:59 → 05:03 |
and show how to construct two different types of batteries using common materials. |
| 05:03 → 05:07 |
Follow the links on the menu. |