MoleClues TV: 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry

Duration: 2 minutes and 59 seconds

Country: Sweden

Language: English

License: CC - Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives

Genre: Documentary

Producer: Molecular Frontiers Foundation

Director: Per Thorén

Views: 109 (2 embedded)

Posted by: locumele on Dec 10, 2008

The 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry explained easy: Who won it and why?

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MoleClues TV presents
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2008 explained easy: Who won it and why?
This jellyfish glows green around the outer edge when it becomes agitated.
What makes it glow?
In 1961, Osamu Shimomura set out with other scientists to find out the answer
They managed to isolate two proteins wich were responsible for making the jellyfish glow.
They named them aequorin and green fluorescent protein
Little did they know that many years later the green fluorescent protein...
...would change the world of science.
Normally, proteins are not visible in a microscope, but green fluorescent...
...protein (GPF) absorbs UV light or blue light and then glows green
Wouldn't it be great if you could link GFP to another protein that you are interested in studying...
...so that you could see your protein glow? Perhaps even in other organisms?
The second Nobel Prize winner, Martin Chalfie, showed that this was indeed possible!
Each protein in our cells is produced by turning on a specific sequence in our DNA, a gene
Chalfie inserted the gene that codes for GFP next to the gene that expresses another protein
When the protein is made, it is automatically attached to GFP...a glowing protein is produced!
Now scientists can see exactly where in the cell the protein is and follow its movements using a microscope
Roger Tsien looked at the molecular details of GFP and was able to change the protein very slightly...
...to produce new types that emit light in different colors
Now researchers could see proteins interact with each other in the cell by labeling each one with different colors...
...multicolored glowing proteins revealing the secrets of life inside the cell!
Nowadays, GFP and similar proteins are a very important tool in science to light up and see molecules at work using a microscope.
Some really spectacular applications include mice that fluoresce under UV light (used in medical research)...
...and Glofish - fish that glow thanks to a linked fluorescent gene.
Discuss the Nobel Prize and other things on MoleClues

MoleClues TV: 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry

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