Metodología participativa para construir una maqueta 3D en Telpaneca, Nicaragua

Duration: 8 minutes and 52 seconds

Country: Nicaragua

Language: Spanish

License: CC - Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives

Genre: Instructional

Producer: Unión Nacional de Agricultores y Ganaderos (UNAG) de Nueva Segovia, y la ONG francesa Agrónomos y Veterinarios Sin Fronteras (AVSF)

Views: 227 (14 embedded)

Posted by: giacomo on Feb 1, 2010

Este video trata sobre la construcción de una maqueta (un mapa en 3 dimensiones) de un territorio rural. Se basa en una experiencia que se dió con pueblos indígenas en los territorios de Telpaneca, en Nicaragua. El video es una producción de la Unión Nacional de Agricultores y Ganaderos (UNAG) de Nueva Segovia, y la ONG francesa Agrónomos y Veterinarios Sin Fronteras (AVSF).

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Telpaneca, May 2009
Maps have always been a very powerful instrument ...
... to graphically represent complex information.
Maps have been used to define borders, ...
... locate important points, ...
... and natural resources, and to resolve conflicts.
Today, the indigenous community of Telpaneca, has taken up this tool again ...
... with the support of the UNAG of Nueva Segovia, Agronomists ...
... and Veterinarians without Borders,and the European Union.
They have taken it to a higher level ...
... through a participatory exercise ...
... that involves the indigenous communities of Northern Nicaragua.
Following the example of their peers in the Philippines, they have ...
... facilitated the construction of 3-dimensional scale models ...
... that will be used as tools for dialogue ...
... for the preservation of natural resources, ...
... and to provide alternative solutions to conflicts.
In Telpaneca, participatory mapping tools have been used ...
... for a number of years.
And especially with the facilitation of UNAG's "peasant-to-peasant" program ...
... it has been demonstrated that these participatory mapping tools ...
... of maps prepared by the communities themselves are very powerful tools for encouraging ...
... dialogue on natural resources management.
To make decisions and seek consensus and agreement ...
... on their particular issues. What we did was to help adapt that tool ...
... so that it could work in the Nicaraguan context ...
... with peasants and local Nicaraguan actors.
An essential aspect for this tool to be successful is ...
... to have as many people as possible participate, ...
... people of all ages and social backgrounds.
This is not always easy to achieve ...
... as many people have to come from far away ...
... to participate in this project.
Don Mercedes, for example, who is 91 years old, ...
... walks three to four hours to get here.
It is a long way, and I go on foot.
Many others come from even further away places ...
... and they spend the night wherever they can ...
... as long as they can be present for the activities.
This is, no doubt, eloquent proof of their commitment to this community project.
The first step to prepare a scale model ...
... is to have 2-dimensional maps of the communities drawn to scale.
The most important points are then located on the maps...
... such as churches, schools, rivers, forests and villages.
Then, based on the existing cartographic information, ...
... contour lines are reproduced, and a very accurate ...
... line map is obtained.
The final part of this exercise, ...
... the development of the scale model, takes about five days.
In the case of Telpaneca, ...
... the elderly were involved, as well as younger men and women ...
... and different political authorities of the mayor's office ...
... and of the Council of Elders. ...
In general, objectives were defined that were expected ...
as a result of the scale model.
To know and validate the borders of the municipal territory, ...
... the borders of the indigenous territory, ...
... the community borders.
To locate the high-risk areas, the most relevant infrastructure ...
... to represent the use of the land ...
... and to have an idea of the situation of the water and forest resources.
What is interesting are the issues related to resolving the conflicts ...
... that can be found within the communities ...
... either because of border issues or because of acces to the water...
... from the community wells. Or to point out issues related to ...
... places where touristic areas are found.
In particular, it helps to reflect upon and discuss ...
... the management of forest resources and land use.
And it helps resolve conflicts among communities.
Participation in the structuring of the scale model is essential.
This is where potentially relevant situations in the territory can be seen.
During this exercise, two communities delimited their territorial boundaries differently.
... El Limon and El Tamarindo ...
Which they are planning to resolve as soon as possible.
When the tape is removed there, then Limon would remain.
It is no longer Tamarindo but Limon.
The highway divides Limon.
What we agreed upon was ...
... that the village, because of the organization, should be Tamarindo.
There is no problem, ...
... but what divides Limon is the highway, after the bridge, below.
That is what we agreed upon with ...
... the Council of Elders, the Citizen Power and the older people of the community ...
... who know the actual Limon boundaries better.
Other important findings were the overlaps that exist between the municipal territory ...
... and the indigenous territories.
A problem that will be very difficult to solve and will require much negotiation.
Here, territorially, this territory was ...
... delimited, with milestones on 18 April 1622.
And a title was granted to the Indians of the common town of Telpaneca.
In the 1940s, when town councils were just starting, ...
... a mayor arrived who seized the royal title.
From that moment on, they started distributing the land among themselves with a big spoon.
Here, what we actually want is ...
... to delimit; we want to sit down and delimit.
Why? Because there are territories that are not indigenous.
And, yes, there are also territories which are truly indigenous.
So we sit down and analyse, in order to ...
... make sure they enjoy the benefits of the law, which are tax-exempt.
For those who participated in the construction of this scale model ...
... the results have been varied and very positive.
It is good for all of us to be familiar with the territory of our community.
It is good that you have taken us into consideration as students.
I want to express my gratitude. In this way we can study and learn more about our territory.
I am doing the experience here, because I have to go reproduce it at the community.
Well, I see it as a good thing. These are modern things, but modern things ...
... that are bearing good fruit, good results.
It is very useful, because it is something that can be presented to everyone ...
... in the community, so that they are aware of the issues, all of the positive and negative aspects of our community.
Being able to better visualize our territory, as it is, and also to be able to explain it to those people to whom we were not able to explain it ...
... with a line map, because it is harder, we can express better with the scale model,...
... because the scale model gives form, the geographical position ...
... of all of the places located in Telpaneca.
It is very important, among the members of the indigenous community ...
... to be able to identify the indigenous territory and the municipal territory.
And also for the students, and those who do not know, ...
... people coming from elsewhere, they need to understand the territory ...
... and how large it is. They can go directly to the scale model, without having to make a special journey ...
... to see how far it extends.
A point on which there is general consensus, is the accelerated environmental deterioration, ...
... which should be reversed in order to be able to maintain a good quality of life.
... and to help erradicate the extreme poverty from which most of the population of the area is suffering.